What is the classification of an error that occurs due to a logical flaw in the software during execution?

A runtime error is classified as an error that arises from a logical flaw in the software while it is being executed. During execution, the program may encounter scenarios that the developer did not anticipate, such as accessing an array index that is out of bounds, attempting to divide by zero, or running out of memory. These types of errors only manifest while the program is running, distinguishing them from syntax errors, which are issues in the code structure detected at compile-time, and other errors that occur during the linking or compiling process.

Runtime errors can lead to crashes or unexpected behavior in the program, highlighting the importance of careful logic design and extensive testing to minimize them. Detecting and handling runtime errors often involves mechanisms like exception handling to manage program flow during unforeseen conditions, thereby improving software robustness.