What structure allows the execution of a block of code multiple times based on a condition?

The structure that allows the execution of a block of code multiple times based on a condition is a loop. Loops are fundamental constructs in programming that facilitate repetition. They enable a set of instructions to be executed repeatedly as long as a specified condition remains true.

For instance, a common type of loop is the "for" loop, which iterates a specific number of times, and the "while" loop, which continues to execute as long as its condition evaluates to true. This conditional repetition is powerful for tasks such as processing items in a list, performing calculations until a certain criterion is met, or automating repetitive tasks effectively.

In contrast, a function is designed to encapsulate code for reuse but does not inherently provide repetition—functions execute a block of code only when called. Condition refers to a boolean expression that determines which path of code should be executed but does not facilitate repeated execution by itself. An array is a data structure used to store multiple values in a single variable, without any inherent functionality for repetition in its handling.