What type of error is caused by a flawed logic in programming?

A logic error occurs when a program runs without crashing or producing any syntax issues, yet it does not behave as intended due to incorrect reasoning in the algorithm or code structure. This type of error stems from the developer's oversight in thinking through the underlying logic of how the code should function.

For example, if a programmer mistakenly uses a mathematical operation that does not correctly reflect the intended calculation, such as adding instead of subtracting, the program might execute but yield incorrect results. Logic errors can often be difficult to detect since there are no immediate indications that something is wrong during the execution—they only surface when the results are evaluated.

Recognizing logic errors is crucial for debugging and improving software quality, as they can lead to significant issues within the application despite the absence of syntax or compilation problems.