Which language is characterized as a low-level language written in mnemonic code, specific to a CPU?

Assembly language is characterized as a low-level language that uses mnemonic codes to represent machine-level instructions that a specific CPU can execute. It acts as a bridge between high-level programming languages and machine language, allowing programmers to write instructions in a more readable format compared to binary or hexadecimal.

Each mnemonic corresponds to a specific operation or instruction, making it easier for programmers to construct programs without needing to memorize binary sequences. Furthermore, assembly language is tightly coupled with the architecture of the CPU it is designed for, meaning that each assembler (the tool that translates assembly language into machine code) is specific to a particular CPU's instruction set.

In contrast, high-level languages are designed to be more user-friendly and abstracted from the hardware specifics, allowing for greater portability across different systems. Machine language is the lowest level of abstraction and consists entirely of binary code that the CPU can directly execute, while executable code refers to files that contain compiled programs ready for execution, which can be generated from programming languages but does not possess the mnemonic characteristics of assembly language.