Which term describes the specification of a particular process to be performed on or by an object?

The term that describes the specification of a particular process to be performed on or by an object is "method." In object-oriented programming, a method is essentially a function that is associated with a class or an object. Methods define the behaviors or actions that can be performed by an object, allowing it to interact with other objects or to modify its own state.

For instance, if you have a class representing a car, methods might include "startEngine," "stopEngine," or "accelerate." Each of these methods outlines a specific process that the car object can perform, illustrating how methods encapsulate behavior associated with objects.

The other terms have distinct meanings that are not as specifically tied to the notion of an object's behavior:

• Function refers more broadly to a block of code that performs a task but may not be tied to an object in the object-oriented sense.

• Algorithm describes a step-by-step procedure or formula for solving a problem, but does not necessarily relate to the encapsulation of this behavior within an object.

• Procedure is often synonymous with a subroutine or routine that performs a task but lacks the object-oriented context that makes "method" the best fit for this question.

Thus, "method" is accurately defined as the specification of a process